1. Umgaqo wenkqubo
I-Electrode arc welding yindlela ye-arc welding usebenzisa intonga ye-welding esebenza ngesandla.Uphawu lwesimboli u-E lwe-electrode arc welding kunye nophawu lwamanani 111.
Inkqubo ye-welding ye-arc welding ye-electrode: xa i-welding, intonga ye-welding idibaniswa ne-workpiece ngokukhawuleza emva kwesiphaluka esifutshane, ivutha i-arc.Ubushushu obuphezulu be-arc bunyibilika ngokuyinxenye i-electrode kunye ne-workpiece, kunye neenguqu ezingundoqo ezinyibilikisiweyo ukuya kwindawo yokusebenza enyibilikisiwe ngokuyinxenye ngendlela yethontsi elinyibilikisiweyo, elidityaniswe kunye ukwenza ichibi elityhidiweyo.I-welding electrode flux ivelisa inani elithile legesi kunye ne-slag yamanzi ngexesha lokunyibilika, kwaye igesi eveliswayo igcwalisa i-arc kunye nommandla ojikelezayo we-pool etyhidiweyo, idlala indima ekuhlukaniseni umoya wokukhusela isinyithi solwelo.Ubuninzi be-slag yolwelo buncinci, kwidama lokunyibilika lihlala lidada, ligqunywe ngentsimbi engamanzi ngaphezulu, ukukhusela indima yentsimbi engamanzi.Ngelo xesha, i-flux yesikhumba esinyibilikayo igesi, i-slag kunye nokunyibilika kwe-weld core, i-workpiece yochungechunge lwe-metallurgical reactions ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-weld eyenziwe.
2. Iinzuzo ze-electrode arc welding
1) Izixhobo ezilula, ukugcinwa lula.Umatshini we-AC kunye ne-DC osetyenziselwa ukuwelda i-arc ye-electrode ilula kwaye ayifuni izixhobo ezincedisayo eziyinkimbinkimbi ekusebenzeni kwentonga ye-welding, kwaye kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezilula ezincedisayo.Aba matshini be-welding balula kwisakhiwo, bancinci kwaye kulula ukuyigcina, kwaye utyalo-mali ekuthengeni izixhobo luphantsi, nto leyo yenye yezizathu zokusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi.
I-2) Akukho mfuneko yokukhusela igesi encedisayo, intonga ye-welding ayinikezeli kuphela isinyithi sokuzalisa, kodwa iyakwazi ukuvelisa igesi yokukhusela ukukhusela i-pool etyhidiweyo kunye ne-weld kwi-oxidation ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding, kwaye inokuphikiswa okuqinileyo komoya.
3) Ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo kunye nokuguquguquka okunamandla.I-Stick arc welding ilungele ukuwelda iziqwenga ezingatshatanga okanye iibhetshi ezincinci zeemveliso, ezimfutshane kwaye aziqhelekanga, zibekwe ngokungqongqo esithubeni kunye neminye imithungo ye-welding ekungekho lula ukufezekisa ukuwelda ngoomatshini.I-Welding inokuqhutyelwa naphi na apho intonga ye-welding inokufikelela khona, ngokufikeleleka kakuhle kunye nokusebenza okuguquguqukayo kakhulu.
4) Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, olufanelekileyo kwi-welding ezininzi zesinyithi kunye ne-alloys.Khetha intonga ye-welding echanekileyo ayinakukwazi ukuwelda i-carbon steel, i-alloy iron ephantsi, kodwa kunye nentsimbi ephezulu ye-alloy kunye neentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous;Ayinako ukuwelda intsimbi enye kuphela, kodwa iyakwazi ukuwelda isinyithi esahlukileyo, kodwa iphinde iphose ukulungiswa kwentsimbi yokuwelda kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi ezinje nge-welding engaphezulu.
3. ukungalungi kwe-electrode arc welding
I-1) iimfuno zeteknoloji yokusebenza kwee-welders ziphezulu, iindleko zoqeqesho lwe-welders.Umgangatho we-welding ye-arc welding ye-electrode ukongeza ekukhethweni kwee-electrode zokuwelda ezifanelekileyo, iiparamitha zenkqubo ye-welding kunye nezixhobo ze-welding, ubukhulu becala ngobuchule bokusebenza kwee-welders kunye namava okuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho we-welding we-arc welding ye-electrode ukuya kumlinganiselo othile unqunywe ngabashicileli abasebenzayo. ubuchule.Ngoko ke, iiwelder kufuneka ziqeqeshwe rhoqo, iindleko zoqeqesho ezifunekayo zinkulu.
2) Iimeko zabasebenzi ezimbi.I-Stick arc welding ixhomekeke ikakhulu ekusebenzeni ngesandla kwee-welders kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwamehlo ukugqibezela inkqubo, ubuninzi bomsebenzi wabatyhidi.Kwaye rhoqo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu lokubhaka kunye nokusingqongileyo okunetyhefu, iimeko zabasebenzi zihlupheke kakhulu, ngoko ke ukomeleza ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi.
3) Ukusebenza kwemveliso ephantsi.I-welding intonga ye-arc welding ikakhulu ixhomekeke ekusebenzeni ngesandla, kunye neeparitha zenkqubo ye-welding ukukhetha uluhlu oluncinci.Ukongezelela, i-electrode ye-welding kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo, kwaye i-welding channel slag yokucoca kufuneka iqhutywe rhoqo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-welding ngokuzenzekelayo, imveliso ye-welding iphantsi.
I-4) Ayisebenzi kwiintsimbi ezikhethekileyo kunye ne-welding ye-plate encinci.Kwizimbiwa ezisebenzayo kunye neentsimbi ezinganyibilikiyo, ngenxa yokuba ezi zinyithi zithinteka kakhulu kungcoliseko lwe-oksijini, ukukhuselwa kwe-electrode akwanelanga ukukhusela i-oxidation yezi zinyithi, umphumo wokukhusela awulungile ngokwaneleyo, umgangatho we-welding awuhlangabezani neemfuno; Ngoko awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-electrode arc welding.Iintsimbi ezincibilikayo eziphantsi kunye neealloys zazo azikwazi ukudityaniswa nge-electrode arc welding kuba ubushushu be-arc buphezulu kakhulu kubo.
4. Uluhlu lwesicelo
1) Isebenza kwi-welding-position yonke, ubukhulu be-workpiece ngaphezu kwe-3mm
2) Uluhlu lwesinyithi olunokudibanisa: isinyithi esinokuthi sidityaniswe sibandakanya i-carbon steel, i-alloy iron ephantsi, insimbi engenasici, insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu, ubhedu kunye ne-alloys yayo;iintsimbi ezinokuthi zifakwe kwi-welded kodwa zinokuthi zifudunyezwe, zifudumeze emva okanye zombini zibandakanya isinyithi esityhidiweyo, isinyithi esinamandla aphezulu, isinyithi esicinyiweyo, njl.intsimbi ephantsi yokunyibilika engenako ukudityaniswa njenge-Zn/Pb/Sn kunye ne-alloys yayo, iintsimbi ezinganyibilikiyo ezifana ne-Ti/Nb/Zr, njl.
I-3) Isakhiwo semveliso efanelekileyo kakhulu kunye nohlobo lwemveliso: iimveliso ezinezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezinezikhundla ezahlukeneyo zendawo, ii-welds ezingenziwanga lula okanye zizenzekelayo;ezinexabiso elinye okanye eliphantsi-volume imveliso welding kunye nofakelo okanye ukulungisa amasebe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-27-2022